3D Cell Culture – From Organoids to Organ Models

3D cell cultures are evolving rapidly, offering increasingly complex systems that closely mimic the structure, microenvironment, and physiological functions of human organs and tissues. These models enable the study of spatial cell organization, organ and disease development, and provide powerful tools for drug screening, toxicity assessment, and transplantation research.
By combining relevant cell types, media, extracellular matrices or bioprinted structures, researchers can simulate natural environments with high accuracy. To date, numerous models of human tissues and organs, both in healthy and diseased states, have been successfully developed.
These include:

·        Bone marrow organoids [1]	·        Prostate organoids [7]
·        Breast cancer-on-chip [2]	·        Renal proximal Tubule-on-a-Chip [8]
·        Cerebral organoid cultures [3]	·        Skin: 3D Models [9], Chips [10] & Open-Top Chip [11]
·        Colon organoids [4]	·        Tumoroid-on-a-Plate [12]
·        Fibrosis model [5]	·        Vagina [13, 14] and Cervix Chips [14]
·        Kidney Chip [6]

Solutions from CellSystems®
CellSystems offers high-quality products suited for 3D cell culture applications:

Product Category	Examples
Human Primary Cells, iPSCs, Culture Media & Subculture Reagents	Human Skin Cells and Media: o   Epidermal Keratinocytes & DermaLife K Media o   Melanocytes & DermaLife M Media o   Microvascular Endothelial Cells (mvECs) & VascuLife Media o   Fibroblasts & FibroLife Media Reproductive Cells and Media for male & female: o   Female Reproductive Cells & Media o   Male Reproductive Cells & Media Human Umbilical Vascular Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) iPSC Lines, Ready-to-use iPSC-differentiated Cells & Media Subculture Reagents for gentle cell dissociation
Extracellular Matrices (ECM), 3D Hydrogels & Adhesion Peptides	Collagen (Atelocollagen, Telocollagen) from bovine, human or rat Tunable Stiffness Hydrogels such as Hystem HA, PhotoGel – Methacrylated Gelatin or PEGDA Silk Fibroin (lyophilized powder / solution)l Adhesion Peptides, such as Poly-L/ or D-Lysine, Poly-L-Ornithin, PEPTITE-2000
Enzymes and Inhibitors for Tissue Dissociation, Cell Isolation & Decellularization of ECM	Collagenase Preparations Type 1 – 7 and animal-free A – D & Dispase® Papain & Trypsin  Hyaluronidase  DNase I  Trypsin Inhibitors, e.g. Soybean
iPSC Services	iPSC generation & Gene Editing

References:

[1] Olijnik, A., et al. Nature Protocols, 19(7), 2024, 2117–46. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-024-00971-7
[2] Maulana, T., et al. Cell Stem Cell, 31(7) 2024, 989-1002.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.018
[3] Donadoni, M., et al. Journal of NeuroVirology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-024-01204-z
[4] Mitrofanova, O., et al. Cell Stem Cell, 31(8), 2024, 1175-1186.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2024.05.007                                  
[5] Petrachi, T., et al. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 165, 2023, 115146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115146
[6] Mou, X., et al.  Science Advances, 10(23), 2024, eadn2689 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adn2689
[7] Xie, L., et al. Environmental Health Perspectives, 128(6), 2020, 067008. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6471                                         
[8] Nie, J., et al. Advanced Science, 11(30), 2024, 2400970. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202400970
[9] Chettouh-Hammas, N., et al.  Ed N. Ismail. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2023, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6829931                 
[10] Sun, S., et al. Nature Communications, 13(1), 2022, 5481. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33114-1                                          
[11] Varone, A., et al. Biomaterials, 275, 2021, 120957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120957
[12] Seyfoori, A. et al. bioRxiv preprint, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.04.15.589651
[13] Mahajan G, et al. Microbiome. 2022, 26;10(1):201. doi: 10.1186/s40168-022-01400-1
[14] Gutzeit, O. et al. Systems Biology, 23, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.11.22.568273.